The travelling salesman problem (TSP) remains one of the most challenging NP‐hard problems in combinatorial optimisation, with significant implications for logistics, network design and route planning ...

A theoretical physicist named Eugene Wigner once referred to “the unreasonable effectiveness of mathematics” -- a phrase that, on first hearing, sounds paradoxical. Math seems like rationality itself, ...

The Travelling Salesman Problem with Pickups and Deliveries (TSPPD) consists in designing a minimum cost tour that starts at the depot, provides either a pickup or delivery service to each of the ...

A classic mathematical problem that finds the shortest distance of round trip travel between multiple locations. The traveling salesman problem (TSP) generates directions from city 1 to city 2 and so ...

While some of the best mathematical minds have been tackling the traveling-salesman problem for decades and some have found efficient solutions, no one has figured out how to completely solve the ...