American Electric Power (AEP) recently developed base shoe and standoff anchor bolt designs for its 765-kV lattice tower family. Developing a design process proved challenging, as a ready-to-use ...

A tie plate, also known as base plate or sole plate, is a steel plate that is used between the steel rail and railway sleeper. Tie plates basically have some holes and shoulder(s). But there is no ...

Out-of-position anchor bolts occur when the measured deviation or variation from the specified location or alignment exceeds the specified construction tolerance. To avoid schedule delays and costs ...