Points 1, 2, 3, 4 originally had irregular ascending y-coordinates, which were transformed and rescaled to an arithmetic progression from -1 to 1 by coordinate-wise ...

Understand unit vectors in cylindrical and spherical coordinate systems with a simple and intuitive explanation. This video breaks down how these vectors define direction in three-dimensional space ...

Transformation optics has formulated a versatile framework to mold the flow of light and tailor its spatial characteristics at will. The coordinate transformation often yields extreme material ...

Express a vector as the sum of a set of linearly independent basis vectors Use vector subtraction to find a vector that points from one point to another or find the distance between two points ...

A combination of transformations can sometimes be described using a single transformation, eg when a shape is transformed by two consecutive translations, the result can be expressed as a single ...