(a) Deep-learning-pre-processing for phase recovery. (b) Deep-learning-in-processing for phase recovery. (c) Deep-learning-post-processing for phase recovery. (d) Deep learning for phase processing.

Machine learning is revolutionizing fundamental science by tackling long-standing mathematical challenges. A key example is ...

As a fundamental technology of artificial intelligence, existing machine learning (ML) methods often rely on extensive human intervention and manually presetting, like manually collecting, selecting, ...