Understand how to compute limits of rational functions at infinity. Understand how to use the basic summation formulas and the limit rules you learned in this chapter to evaluate some definite …

This is a much easier way to sum data ignoring errors. It’s a one-step process that does not involve the use of array formulas on your part (Excel has performed the array formulas for you).

Many of the variables dealt with in physics can be expressed as a sum of other variables; often the components of the sum are statistically indepen-dent. This section deals with determining …

The Sum Rule: If there are n(A) ways to do A and, distinct from them, n(B) ways to do B, then the number of ways to do A or B is n(A) + n(B). • In Section 4.8, we’ll see what happens if the …

The second and third of the three summations at the beginning of this writeup above evaluate S1(n + 1) and S2(n + 1) but the rst is not S0(n + 1).

Differentiation and integration are two powerful tools for handling various sums that would be impenetrable with other methods. In this handout, we explore some of these methods. This …

Useful Finite Summation Identities (a 6= 1 Useful Finite Summation Identities (a 6= 1)